3/19/2023 0 Comments Jmol reappear after hiding![]() Key functions of the endocannabinoid systemĭriven by the overarching mission of homeostasis, the endocannabinoid system has evolved incredibly dynamic and complex mechanisms for achieving and maintaining optimum physiological performance. MAGL: MonoAcylGlycerol Acid Lipase, which breaks down 2-AG.FAAH: Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase, which metabolizes Anandamide (AEA).The third key component of the ECS is metabolic enzymes responsible for destroying endocannabinoids when they are no longer needed by the ECS. TRPV: Acting as “ionotropic cannabinoid receptors,” members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel family interact with the ECS to modulate skin-based sensory processes like pain, temperature, itch perception, and dermatitis conditions.CB2 receptor: Also serving as targets for both endocannabinoids and phytocannabinoids, CB2 receptors are found throughout the body but are more abundant in the peripheral nervous system and on immune cells circulating in the brain and body via the bloodstream.CB1 is the psychotropic/psychoactive CB receptor responsible for producing the state-altering effect associated with THC in cannabis products. CB1 Receptor: Found mostly in the central nervous system and highly expressed throughout the brain, CB1 receptors serve as targets for both endogenous cannabinoids produced by our bodies and phytocannabinoids produced by the cannabis plant.Here’s what we know about CB1, CB2, and TRPV receptors in the ECS: Endocannabinoids may also bind to TRPV proteins that function similarly to cannabinoid receptors in the ECS. This initiates an appropriate response, determined by the location and type of CB receptor, as well as the type of endocannabinoid that binds with it. When an Anandamide or 2-AG endocannabinoid binds with a CB receptor, signals are transmitted into the cell on which the cannabinoid receptor resides. Ĭannabinoid (CB) receptors are G proteins residing on cell surfaces, continuously monitoring external conditions. A high level of 2-AG is found in the central nervous system (CNS), and it’s also present in human and bovine maternal milk. Although the presence of 2-AG was previously recorded, it was Mechoulam and Ben-Shabat who discovered its interaction with cannabinoid receptors in the ECS. 2-AG: Abbreviated from 2-Arachidonoyl Glycerol, 2-AG was identified as an endocannabinoid by Mechoulam and his student, Shimon Ben-Shabat in 1994-1995.Anandamide is believed to have an impact on the early stages of embryo development and on memory functions, but studies may reveal more details. Its chemical compound name is N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA), first identified and named by Mechoulam, Devane and Lumír Hanuš in 1992. Anandamide: Also known as the “bliss molecule.” The name is derived from ananda, a Sanskrit word for bliss, delight, or joy.There are two key endocannabinoids found in the ECS: As soon as they are created, endocannabinoids seek out cannabinoid receptors and bind to them. The ECS creates them on-demand, meaning they are produced precisely where and only when they are needed. ![]() ![]() EndocannabinoidsĮndocannabinoids are small fatty acid neurotransmitter molecules produced within the membranes of our cells. Make sense so far? Great! Now, let’s look at the key components of the ECS in greater detail. These three components are present throughout our bodies, including our nervous systems, virtually every brain cell, the immune cells in our blood, across the full axis of the spinal cord, and even on our skin cells. The ECS contains three key components: endocannabinoid molecules that send signals, cannabinoid receptors found on the surface of cells that receive those signals, and metabolic enzymes that destroy the endocannabinoids after their signals have been received by the endocannabinoid receptors. Key components of the endocannabinoid system ![]()
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